A Guide to TIG Welding: Techniques, Tips, and Applications

Posted on Apr 09, 2024

TIG welding, short for Tungsten Inert Gas welding, is a versatile and precise welding process used across various industries for joining metals. This requires skill and technique and is renowned for its clean welds and exceptional control. In this guide, we'll delve into the fundamentals of TIG welding, covering everything from its mechanics to practical tips for successful welds.

Understanding TIG Welding

TIG welding employs a non-consumable tungsten electrode to create the weld, while a separate filler material may be added if necessary. An inert gas, typically argon or helium, shields the welding area from atmospheric contamination. 

Mechanics of TIG Welding

The TIG welding process begins with establishing an arc between the tungsten electrode and the workpiece. As the arc generates intense heat, the base metals melt and fuse together, forming a weld pool. The welder then manipulates the torch and filler material to control the size and shape of the weld bead, ensuring proper penetration and fusion.

Key Components of TIG Welding Equipment:

1. TIG Welding Machine: An electric power source that provides the necessary current and voltage for welding.
2. Tungsten Electrode: A non-consumable electrode that generates the welding arc.
3. Torch: The handheld device used to guide the electrode and direct the shielding gas flow.
4. Shielding Gas Supply: Typically argon or helium protects the weld area from atmospheric contamination.

Techniques for Successful TIG Welding

1. Torch Angle: Maintain a consistent torch angle of approximately 75-80 degrees to achieve optimal gas coverage and heat distribution.
2. Travel Speed: Control the movement of the torch to ensure proper weld bead formation and penetration. Avoid moving too quickly or too slowly.
3. Welding Position: Adjust your body position and torch angle to accommodate different welding positions. Make sure the tip of the rod stays under the protective gas jet in order to avoid oxidation.
4. Post-Weld Cleaning: After completing the weld, remove any residual slag or spatter using a wire brush or appropriate cleaning tool to ensure a clean and smooth finish.

TIG welding finds widespread application in industries such as aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, and fabrication. It is particularly suited for welding thin materials, complex shapes, and critical components where precision and aesthetics are paramount. Common applications include stainless steel fabrication, aluminum structures, and pipe welding.

About Pen Manufacturing

Pen Manufacturing has been servicing California's precision metal parts, structural steel, and sheet metal needs for over 40 years. Our full-service machine shop focuses on leveraging the highest technology equipment with our experienced skilled team members. As a firm specializing in TIG welding in the state of California, Pen Manufacturing maintains industry certifications from the American Welding Society in welding of the following:

• AWS D1.1 - Structural Steel
• AWS D1.2 - Aluminum
• AWS D1.6 - Stainless Steel